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A federated database system is a type of meta-database management system (DBMS), which transparently maps multiple autonomous database systems into a single federated database. The constituent databases are interconnected via a computer network and may be geographically decentralized. Since the constituent database systems remain autonomous, a federated database system is a contrastable alternative to the (sometimes daunting) task of merging several disparate databases. A federated database, or virtual database, is a composite of all constituent databases in a federated database system. There is no actual data integration in the constituent disparate databases as a result of data federation. SQL Federations are now deprecated. Microsoft has recently released the (Elastic database tools for Azure SQL Database ), a client library and management tools for creating sharded database solutions on Azure Database. Through data abstraction, federated database systems can provide a uniform user interface, enabling users and clients to store and retrieve data from multiple noncontiguous databases with a single query—even if the constituent databases are heterogeneous. To this end, a federated database system must be able to decompose the query into subqueries for submission to the relevant constituent DBMS's, after which the system must composite the result sets of the subqueries. Because various database management systems employ different query languages, federated database systems can apply wrappers to the subqueries to translate them into the appropriate query languages. ==Definition== McLeod and Heimbigner〔"〕 were among the first to define a federated database system in the mid 1980s. A FDBS is one which "define() the architecture and interconnect() databases that minimize central authority yet support partial sharing and coordination among database systems".〔 This description might not accurately reflect the McLeod/Heimbigner〔 definition of a federated database. Rather, this description fits what McLeod/Heimbinger called a ''composite'' database. McLeod/Heimbigner's federated database is a collection of autonomous components that make their data available to other members of the federation through the publication of an export schema and access operations; there is no unified, central schema that encompasses the information available from the members of the federation. Among other surveys,〔"〕 practitioners define a Federated Database as a collection of cooperating component systems which are autonomous and are possibly heterogeneous. The three important components of an FDBS are autonomy, heterogeneity and distribution.〔 Another dimension which has also been considered is the Networking Environment Computer Network, e.g., many DBSs over a LAN or many DBSs over a WAN update related functions of participating DBSs (e.g., no updates, nonatomic transitions, atomic updates). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Federated database system」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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